Bread

2 cups water or beef stock 2–3 cloves, 1 small cinnamon stick A bit of bacon or ham A pinch of chilli flakes A pinch of thyme or mixed herbs A sprinkle of paprika or dried herbs Amarula Amarula cream liqueur Atchar Atchar or chutney BBQ spice Butter (a generous amount) Butter (for spreading) Butter or cooking spray for greasing the oblietjie iron Caul fat (netvet) Cheese slices Chicken strips Chopped parsley for serving Cinnamon sugar for coating Coarse salt for sprinkling Cooking oil Cremora powder Dash of Worcestershire sauce Dijon or smooth mustard Durban masala Extra cheese Extra cheese for topping Extra sugar for rolling Flour paste (2 tbsp flour + water to make a glue) Food colouring Fresh coriander Fresh coriander (for garnish) Fresh coriander or parsley Fresh parsley for garnish Fresh parsley or chives Fresh parsley, chopped Fresh parsley, chopped (for garnish) Fresh rosemary or thyme Garlic Grated dark chocolate or chocolate shavings, for topping Hake or firm white fish Skinless fillets Handful fresh coriander, chopped Ice cubes Icing sugar, for dusting Instant dry yeast Juice of 1 lemon Juice of 2 lemons Lamb (on the bone) Lemon juice (to prevent avocado browning) Lemon wedges (to serve) Lemon wedges for serving Lemon zest for extra flavour Lettuce or rocket leaves Lettuce, shredded Lukewarm water Marmite Masala-spiced steak or thin sliced steak Mayonnaise and/or chutney Milo powder Mixed salad greens (lettuce, spinach, rocket) Mustard or peri-peri sauce Oil Oil for frying Oil for shallow frying Onion slices Onions Optional Spices Peri-peri or hot sauce Pinch of saffron soaked in warm milk Pinch of salt Polony or Vienna sausage Potatoes Reserved pasta water Russian sausages Russian sausages or viennas Salt & Pepper Salt and black pepper Salt and black pepper to taste Salt and pepper Salt and pepper to taste Salt and pepper to taste (use lightly) Samoosa pastry strips (from the freezer section) Sausage casings Sausage casings (natural beef or sheep) Savoury filling: mince, cheese, chutney, baked beans Sesame seeds or poppy seeds (for topping) Shredded lettuce Skewers (soak in water if wooden) Sliced onion Sliced tomato Slivered almonds or pistachios for garnish Smooth apricot jam Soup bones or stewing beef Sweet filling: jam, syrup, banana, chocolate spread Swiss roll (jam or plain, sliced) Tennis biscuits or Marie biscuits (for the base Tennis biscuits, crushed Tinned Tomatoes Tomato Paste Tomato sauce Tomato sauce for serving Tomato sauce, Mayonnaise, Atchar, Vinegar, Cheese sauce Tomato slices Toothpicks or skewers Turmeric Vegetable oil, for frying Vinegar for serving Water (enough to cover) Water (for boiling) Water (for soaking and cooking) Water or Stock Wooden sticks or paper cones Zest of ½ lemon a little chilli, black pepper, or curry powder a little sugar or butter a pinch of cinnamon a squeeze of lemon juice active dry yeast all-purpose flour allspice allspice berries amadumbe tubers, washed and peeled amasi (room temperature) amasi (sour milk), to taste aniseed apple juice or ginger ale (or water) apple juice or water apple, peeled and grated apples, peeled, cored, and sliced apricot chutney (Mrs Ball’s is the traditional choice) apricot halves apricot jam apricot jam or chutney apricot jam or peach preserves baby potatoes bacon or smoked ham, diced bacon, chopped baked beans baking powder baking powder (1 tbsp) baking soda balsamic vinegar or red wine vinegar basmati or long grain rice basmati rice bay leaf bay leaves bay leaves or peppercorns for subtle flavour beef beef (lean, preferably silverside or topside) beef (silverside, topside, or rump) beef fat beef mince beef mince (or a mix of beef and pork) beef mince (or use chicken mince or tinned tuna) beef mince or boneless chicken (cubed) beef or cow liver beef or lamb stock beef or sheep stomach (for casing, cleaned and rinsed) beef or vegetable stock cubes beef steak, cubed (stewing beef or chuck) beef steaks (rump, sirloin, or ribeye) beef stock beef stock cube beef stock or water beef stock or water + stock cube beef tongue (about 1–1.5 kg) beer beer for extra flavour bell pepper, chopped bicarbonate of soda bicarbonate of soda (baking soda) bicarbonate of soda (tiny amount, softens meat) biltong, finely chopped or shredded biltong, sliced into small pieces biltong, thinly sliced or shaved black mustard seeds black pepper black pepper, to taste black peppercorns blue cheese, crumbled boerewors boerewors (raw, removed from casing) boiling water boiling water (or follow the packet instructions) brandy brandy (or rum) bread base breyani mix brown sugar brown sugar (adjust to taste) brown sugar (or honey) brown vinegar brown vinegar or apple cider vinegar bunch fresh pumpkin leaves (imifino yamathanga) butter butter (125g) butter (melted) butter (plus extra for greasing) butter (soft) butter (softened) butter beans or chickpeas, drained and rinsed butter or coconut oil butter or ghee butter or margarine butter or margarine (softened) butter or margarine, melted butter or oil butter or oil for flavor butter or olive oil buttermilk butternut butternut chunks (optional) butternut, baby spinach, feta cake flour cake flour (or all-purpose flour) can (340–400g) corned beef can cream of mushroom soup (or cream of chicken soup) canned creamed corn or fresh corn kernels for extra moisture and texture caramel treat (like Nestlé Caramel Treat) caramelised condensed milk cardamom pods cardamom pods, slightly crushed cardamom powder carrot (sliced) carrot, grated carrots carrots and potatoes for roasting carrots or potatoes for extra flavour carrots, chopped carrots, diced carrots, grated carrots, grated or finely chopped carrots, peeled and grated carrots, peeled and julienned or grated carrots, peeled and sliced into rounds carrots, roughly chopped carrots, sliced caster sugar castor sugar cayenne or chili powder cayenne pepper celery stalks, chopped celery sticks, diced cheddar cheese cherry tomatoes, halved (or 1 large tomato, chopped) chicken breast or thighs, diced chicken feet, cleaned and nails trimmed chicken livers (cleaned, sinew removed) chicken or vegetable stock chicken pieces (bone-in preferred) chicken pieces (drumsticks and thighs work best) chicken spice chicken stock chickpea flour (or use all cake flour if you don’t have) chili flakes (adjust to heat preference) chili flakes or paprika for extra flavor chili flakes or peri-peri seasoning chilled unsalted butter chilli flakes chilli flakes for heat chilli or peri-peri sauce chilli powder chilli powder (adjust to taste) chilli powder (to taste) chilli, bay leaves, mixed herbs chocolate biscuits or digestive biscuits, crushed chopped almonds or cashews chopped almonds or pistachios for garnish chopped biltong chopped dates chopped dried apricots chopped fresh herbs chopped fresh parsley chopped nuts chopped parsley chopped pecans or walnuts chopped pitted dates chopped red chillies chopped red onions chopped spring onion chopped spring onions or parsley chopped tomato chopped tomatoes chopped tomatoes (fresh or canned) chopped walnuts or chocolate chips chutney chutney (like Mrs. Ball’s) chutney (optional but traditional) cinnamon cinnamon or nutmeg for extra flavour cinnamon or nutmeg, to sprinkle cinnamon stick cinnamon sticks clove garlic, crushed clove garlic, minced cloves cloves crushed garlic cloves garlic cloves garlic, crushed cloves garlic, minced coarse maize meal (umthubi) coarse salt cocoa powder cocoa powder or chocolate shavings coconut milk or regular milk cold butter, cubed cold milk cold water condensed milk condensed milk (adjust to taste) cooked bacon or ham, diced cooked chicken (shredded or cubed) cooked chicken, shredded cooked flaked fish (hake, snoek, or canned pilchards drained) cooked pumpkin cooked rice, chutney, sweetcorn, bacon bits cooked stiff pap (cooled) cooked white or yellow rice cooking oil (for frying) cooking oil or butter cooking oil or melted butter coriander coriander powder coriander seeds, lightly toasted & crushed coriander seeds, toasted and crushed corn flour cornflakes cornflour cornflour (maizena) cow head meat (inyama yenhloko), cleaned and chopped cream cream cheese (full cream) cream cheese, softened cream of tartar cream of tartar or a few drops of lemon juice cream or milk cream-style sweetcorn croutons or toasted nuts for extra crunch crushed Tennis biscuits crushed chicken stock cube crushed garlic crushed mustard seeds crushed pineapple crushed sorghum malt crushed tomatoes cubed beef steak cubed lamb shoulder or neck cucumber, sliced cumin cumin powder cumin seeds cup cup frozen peas, cooked and cooled cup water or red wine cups chopped cabbage cups lukewarm water cups warm water (adjust as needed) curry powder curry powder (Cape-style twist) curry powder (mild or hot) curry powder (mild or hot, to taste) curry powder or masala (Durban-style preferred) curry powder or paprika custard (homemade or store-bought) custard (ready-made or homemade) custard powder custard powder (vanilla) dark chocolate or milk chocolate dashes Angostura bitters desiccated coconut desiccated coconut (plus extra for coating) desiccated coconut or chopped nuts diced large tomatoes diced peppers diced tomatoes, chopped chili, or herbs digestive biscuits or Tennis biscuits digestive bran (wheat bran) digestive or Tennis biscuits dried apricots dried beans (or 3 cans cooked beans, drained) dried corn kernels (iinkobe) dried herbs (rosemary, thyme, or mixed herbs) dried mixed fruit (apricots, raisins, dates, figs) dried mixed herbs dried mixed herbs (or chopped parsley) dried mixed herbs or parsley dried mopane worms (mashonzha) dried oregano dried parsley dried rosemary dried rosemary or thyme dried split peas dried sugar beans (or 2 cans, drained) dried sugar beans (or 2 x 400 g cans, drained) dried sugar beans (or butter beans), soaked overnight dried sugar beans (or canned if you’re short on time) dried thyme dried thyme or mixed herbs dry sugar beans (or speckled beans) egg egg (for egg wash) egg yolks egg, beaten egg, beaten (for egg wash) egg, beaten for brushing eggs eggs, separated extra water for adjusting consistency fennel seeds fenugreek seeds (methi) feta cheese, crumbled finely chopped biltong firm fish (hake or kingklip), cut into chunks fish or vegetable stock fish stock or water flaked almonds, grated chocolate, berries or cherries flaked smoked snoek (bones and skin removed) flour flour (all-purpose or cake flour) flour (for coating) flour (plus extra for dusting) fresh apricots, washed, halved, and pitted fresh bird’s eye chillies fresh chili peppers, chopped fresh chilies, chopped fresh coriander or mint fresh coriander, chopped fresh coriander/cilantro for garnish fresh corn cobs (sweetcorn on the cob) fresh cream fresh cream (or coconut cream for dairy-free) fresh cream (or whipped cream) fresh cream (whipped) fresh ginger fresh ginger, grated fresh herbs (parsley, thyme) fresh herbs (thyme or parsley) fresh herbs like parsley or coriander fresh kreef tails, halved fresh mint sprig fresh okra, washed and trimmed fresh parsley fresh parsley or chives, chopped (for garnish) fresh parsley or coriander, chopped fresh thyme frozen chips or homemade fries frozen peas frozen peas or sweetcorn fruit cocktail (drained) fruit cocktail (drained, reserve a little syrup) fruit compote, chocolate sauce, or caramel drizzle fruit jelly (strawberry or raspberry works best) fruit mince full cream milk gammon (bone-in or deboned) garam masala garlic & ginger paste garlic clove, crushed garlic cloves garlic cloves, chopped garlic cloves, crushed garlic cloves, minced garlic powder garlic powder or a crushed garlic clove gem squash ginger or spice for a kick ginger, crushed ginger, grated ginger-garlic paste glacé cherries and toasted almonds for decoration golden syrup golden syrup or honey granulated sugar grape must or grape juice grated cheddar grated cheddar cheese grated cheddar cheese (or Gouda for a milder taste) grated cheddar or gouda cheese grated cheese grated cheese (cheddar or a mix) grated cheese (cheddar or gouda) grated cheese (cheddar or parmesan) grated cheese (cheddar works best) grated cheese (cheddar works well) grated cheese (optional, for a richer bake) grated fresh ginger grated ginger grated lemon zest (optional for extra tang) green beans, drained and rinsed green beans, topped, tailed, and cut into 3–4 cm pieces green beans, trimmed green beans, trimmed and cut into 3–4 cm pieces green beans, trimmed and cut into bite-sized pieces green cardamom pods (crushed) or ½ tsp ground cardamom green chili, chopped green chilies, chopped green chillies green chillies, finely chopped green pepper, chopped green pepper, diced green pepper, sliced ground aniseed or cardamom ground black pepper ground cardamom ground cinnamon ground cloves ground coriander ground cumin ground ginger ground ginger (or fresh grated) ground nutmeg ground nutmeg or allspice guava jam ham slices, chutney, or cooked bacon head cabbage, finely shredded honey honey or maple syrup (instead of sugar) hot water hot water (to thin the jam slightly) icing sugar ideal milk instant coffee granules (adjust to taste) instant dry yeast (1 packet) instant yeast instant yeast (1 packet) juice of ½ lemon kidney beans, drained and rinsed kosher salt lamb liver lamb neck, cut into thick slices lamb or beef kidneys, cleaned and chopped lamb or mutton (on the bone if possible), cut into pieces lamb or mutton (on the bone), cut into pieces lamb pieces (with bone, such as shoulder or neck) lamb shoulder or leg lamb stock large egg large egg whites large egg yolk large egg yolks (reserve whites for meringue) large egg, lightly beaten large eggs large grated carrot large onion large onion, chopped large onion, cut into chunks large onion, diced large onion, finely chopped large onions, sliced large onions, thinly sliced large potatoes large potatoes (fresh hot chips) large ripe bananas (the riper, the better) large rotis, wraps, or flatbreads large tomato large tomatoes, chopped large tomatoes, chopped (or 1 can chopped tomatoes) leafy greens lemon lemon (halved) lemon juice lemon juice (freshly squeezed) lemon juice (prevents browning) lemon juice or vinegar lemon slice lemonade light brown sugar lime (calcium hydroxide) or 1 tsp baking soda lime slice loaf white bread, cut into quarters long soft bread roll (Portuguese roll / French loaf / baguette) long-grain white rice lukewarm milk macaroni pasta maize meal maize meal (cornmeal) maize meal (fine cornmeal) maize meal (fine or medium) maize meal (mealie meal) maize meal (mielie meal) maize meal (pap) maize meal (white or yellow) masala (or mild curry powder) masala (to taste) mascarpone or cream cheese mashed pumpkin (or butternut) mayonnaise mayonnaise or butter mayonnaise or plain yoghurt meat (beef, lamb, chicken) medium Makataan medium apples, peeled, cored, and thinly sliced medium beetroot (cooked, peeled, and sliced or grated) medium cabbage (chopped) medium carrot, diced medium carrots, grated medium onion, chopped medium onion, finely chopped medium onion, sliced medium onions, finely chopped medium onions, sliced medium onions, thinly sliced medium potatoes (boiled and mashed) medium potatoes, chopped medium potatoes, cubed medium potatoes, peeled & diced medium potatoes, peeled and chopped medium potatoes, peeled and diced medium potatoes, peeled and thinly sliced medium potatoes, quartered medium pumpkin or butternut, peeled and cubed medium red cabbage (rooikool), finely sliced medium tomatoes, chopped (or 1 can chopped tomatoes) medium tomatoes, peeled & chopped melted butter melted butter or margarine melted butter or oil melted unsalted butter mild curry powder mild curry powder (or just salt and pepper if you prefer) mild curry powder or paprika milk milk (add gradually to reach desired consistency) milk (as needed for dough consistency) milk (for baking stage) milk (or plant-based milk) milk (or water, or half milk half water) milk or cream milk powder milo minced beef minced beef (or beef + pork mix) minced beef or chicken mince minced beef or lamb minced garlic cloves mixed dried fruit (raisins, sultanas, currants) mixed herbs mixed herbs or thyme mixed spice (cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves) mixed spice or cinnamon morogo or spinach mushrooms, sliced mussels (cleaned, shells removed or half-shell) mustard mustard or chutney (for brushing inside pastry) mustard or herbs like parsley mustard powder naartjies (mandarins or tangerines), juice and zest nutmeg oats offal (liver, heart, or tripe), finely chopped or minced oil (for softness) oil (if frying, optional) oil (sunflower or canola) oil (sunflower or olive oil) oil (sunflower or olive) oil (sunflower or vegetable) oil for frying the mince oil or butter oil or butter (optional) oil or melted butter oil, for deep frying olive oil olive oil or melted butter olive oil or vegetable oil onion onion (chopped) onion powder onion, finely chopped onion, finely sliced onion, quartered onion, sliced onion, sliced thinly onions, chopped onions, finely chopped onions, finely sliced onions, quartered optional orange juice (or apple juice) orange zest ostrich fillets oxtail pieces packet (80 g) pineapple jelly packet Marie biscuits (about 200–250g) packet Marie biscuits, crushed packet Tennis Biscuits packet brown onion soup powder packet instant yeast packet jelly (any flavour – strawberry, raspberry, or lime work well) packet potato chips/crisps packet tennis biscuits, crushed paprika paprika or cayenne pepper paprika or mild chili powder parsley pasta (elbow, fusilli, or shell pasta works best) pasta (penne, fettuccine, or tagliatelle) peanut butter peppermint crisp peppermint essence peppermint liqueur (such as Crème de Menthe) peri-peri sauce (store-bought or homemade) pig’s trotters, cleaned and cut in half pilchards in tomato sauce pinch of black pepper pinch of chili flakes pinch of cinnamon or nutmeg pinch of paprika or chilli flakes pink or red food colouring pitted dates (chopped) pitted dates, finely chopped plain yoghurt plain yoghurt (or maas/buttermilk) plain yoghurt or cream pork knuckles (eisbein) pork leg (varkboud) pork ribs (cut into small pieces) potato potato, peeled and diced potatoes (peeled & cubed) potatoes, cubed potatoes, peeled and chopped potatoes, peeled and cubed potatoes, peeled and quartered prawns, peeled pumpkin (or butternut), peeled and cubed pumpkin or squash, peeled and cubed raisins raisins or chopped dates raisins or grated carrot raisins or sultanas raisins or sultanas (add halfway through cooking) rashers of streaky bacon, chopped raw green mangoes ready-made puff pastry, thawed ready-rolled puff pastry red onion, finely chopped red or brown lentils, rinsed red or pink food colouring red or strawberry jelly (prepared and set) red pepper, diced red wine red wine (optional) ripe avocados ripe bananas (firm, not overripe) ripe bananas (mashed) ripe pineapple, peeled and chopped ripe tomatoes, chopped roll puff pastry roll puff pastry (store-bought is easiest) roll puff pastry (store-bought, thawed) rolled oats rooibos tea bags rose syrup (or grenadine as substitute) rose water or almond essence rosemary or thyme sago or tapioca pearls, sago pearls salt salt & black pepper to taste salt & pepper to taste salt (adjust to taste) salt, to taste samp samp (crushed maize) samp and beans (or sugar beans if you don’t have samp) self-raising flour semolina (soji/suji) sesame or sunflower seeds sheet puff pastry sheet puff pastry (store-bought works perfectly) sheets puff pastry (store-bought) or homemade sherry sherry or brandy skaapstertjies (sheep tails), cleaned sliced cabbage sliced fresh ginger sliced red chillies sliced spring onions slices fresh ginger slices of bread (white, brown, or whole wheat) slices of cheese (cheddar works best) slices of white or brown bread slices polony slices white bread small clove garlic, minced small green bell pepper, diced small green pepper, chopped small onion small onion, finely chopped small onion, finely chopped (for mixing into mince) small onion, thinly sliced small potatoes, boiled & finely diced (very traditional) small red bell pepper, diced small red onion, finely chopped small red onion, thinly sliced small red or green pepper, finely chopped smoked ham hocks / soup bones (or bacon pieces) smoked paprika snoek, cleaned and cut into portions soda water softened unsalted butter sorghum meal (samabele) soy sauce spices like black pepper, curry powder, or a bay leaf spring onions, chopped stalk celery, diced starter (leftover mageu, sour porridge, or plain yogurt) stock cube stock cube (beef) stock cubes (chicken or vegetable) store-bought sponge cake (or Swiss roll), cut into cubes strawberry or raspberry essence strong coffee sugar sugar (adjust to taste) sugar (if your sauce is too acidic) sugar (not traditional, but helps fermentation a bit) sugar (optional, to balance acidity) sugar (or to taste) sugar (to taste) sugar beans sugar beans (dry) sugar beans (or any small red/white beans) sugar or honey sugar or honey (adjust to taste) sugar or honey for a sweet version sugar or honey to taste sugar, milk, or butter for serving sultanas or currants sunflower oil sweet potatoes (orange or white flesh) sweet potatoes (patats) sweetcorn sweetcorn (fresh, tinned, or frozen) sweetened condensed milk tamarind paste tennis biscuits thinly sliced large onions thyme ting (fermented sorghum drink) tomato (chopped) or clove garlic (crushed) tomato ketchup tomato sauce (ketchup) tomato, chopped tomato, chopped (or 1 tbsp tomato paste) tomato, chopped (or 2 tbsp tomato paste) tomato, chopped (or ½ tin chopped tomatoes) tomato, chopped or ½ cup tinned tomatoes tomato, sliced thinly tomatoes (chopped) or 1 tin chopped tomatoes tomatoes, chopped tomatoes, chopped (or 1 can chopped tomatoes) tomatoes, chopped (or 2 tbsp tomato paste) tomatoes, chopped or 1 small can tomato paste tomatoes, chopped or cherry tomatoes halved tomatoes, sliced toppings: cinnamon, nutmeg, or grated coconut tripe (mala mogodu), cleaned and cut into pieces tumeric turmeric powder uncooked white rice uncooked white rice (short or medium grain works best) unsalted butter unsalted butter, softened vanilla essence vanilla essence (1 tsp) vanilla essence or fruit flavouring vanilla extract vanilla ice cream vanilla vla (store-bought or homemade) vegetable oil vegetable or chicken stock vegetable or sunflower oil vegetable stock cube venison (kudu, springbok, or eland), cubed vermicelli noodles, lightly crushed vinegar vinegar (apple cider vinegar works well) vinegar (malt or white) vinegar (white or apple cider) vinegar or lemon juice warm milk warm milk (or water) warm water warm water (as needed) warm water (you may need a little more or less) warm water or milk water water (add gradually) water (approx.) water (as needed for gravy) water (as needed) water (enough to cook pumpkin) water (enough to cover tubers) water (for cooking maize meal) water (for soaking and boiling) water (or adjust for desired thickness) water or beef stock water or chicken stock water or milk (or a combination of both) water or stock (adjust as needed) water or stock to cover water or vegetable stock water with 1 stock cube waterblommetjies watermelon rind (white part only, green skin removed), cut into cubes wheat bran flour whipped cream whipped cream, fresh fruit, or crushed Tennis biscuits whipping cream whiskey white bread white bread flour white fish (hake works best, or any firm white fish) white maize meal white maize meal (pap / mielie meal) white or brown bread white pepper or black pepper white sugar white vinegar white wine whole chicken (about 1.5–2 kg) whole chicken (spatchcocked) or 6–8 bone-in pieces (legs/thighs) whole chicken or about 1.2 kg chicken pieces whole cloves whole crabs (cleaned and cracked) whole kernel corn, drained whole mullet fish (fresh) whole sheep’s head (cleaned and split in half or left whole) whole snoek, cleaned and gutted wholewheat flour worcestershire sauce yeast (baker’s or brewing yeast) yellow mustard